Faraday's law of electrolysis

Faraday conducted two law of the electrolysis.Which are explained below.

First law of the electrolysis

Faraday's first law of electrolysis is states that"The mass of substance deposited,liberated is directly proportional to the passed amount of the charge to the electrolyte solution.

                                 Mathematically it can be written as,

                                                                    W=zit

Faraday's first law of electrolysis .

Explanation of the Faraday's first law of electrolysis.

At first a cleaned and dried copper voltmeter is taken.Then cleaned cathode is kept inside the voltmeter which is weighed before kept inside.After all the arrangement,suitable amount of the current is passed to the voltmeter in time T1. After this the cathode plate is again weighed to know the mass of substance .Experiment is repeated with the same amount of current but the different time interval T2 and the cathode plate is again weighed to know the mass.Then it would be found that,

                Mass of substance deposited is directly proportional to the time i,e.

                               M@t...........(1)

Again the experiment is repeated with the different current but for the same time.Then let I1 & I2 be the currents passed to the electrolyte for the same time interval and the corresponding masses deposited in the cathode plate.

            Mass of substance deposited is directly proportional to the current passed to the electrolyte i.e.

                                    M@I...............(2)

From the equation (i) and (ii) we have,

         M@IT 

          M@q

Where q=it known as the charge passed to the electricity passed to the electrolyte.Hence it is the Faraday's first law of electrolysis.Hence verified.

Faraday's second law of electrolysis.
Faraday's second law of electrolysis is states that "When the same amount of current is passed to the electrolyte solution the mass of substance deposited liberated is directly proportional to their chemical equivalents.
Mathematically it can be written as,
                            M@E
Where M is the mass of substance deposited and E be the chemical equivalents.
Experimental verification of the second law of electrolysis.
To verify this experiment we take the three voltmeter like water voltmeter,silver voltmeter,and the copper voltmeter as shown in figure below.

faraday's second law of electrolysis.

When  The same amount of the current is passed to these three voltmeter(water voltmeter,silver voltmeter and copper voltmeter )the mass of substance deposited in the cathode plate is directly proportional their equivalents.If M1,M2,M3, be the mass of the hydrogen,copper and silver deposited in the cathode plate.similarly E1,E2,E3 be their equivalents respectively.
  Therefore on solving it is found that the mass of substance deposited is directly proportional to their equivalents.Which is the faraday's second law of the electrolysis.Hence verified.you can also learn about the Faraday's second law of electrolysis by watching this video below.

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A short note on wind mill to produce the electricity in the large scale

It is the one of the way to produce the electricity from the wind by using the air.The instrument which is used to produce the electricity from air is called the wind mill as shown in figure below.

Wind mill

Electricity is produce when the armature rotates between the two poles of the magnet i.e.south pole and north pole of the magnet.The wind mill consist of a strong magnet of two poles and the axle which is connected to the wind mill. Then,when the wind mill is rotates in the direction of the wind,the axle of the armature connected with the wind mill is also rotates and then the armature is rotates between the two strong magnetic poles.After this electricity is produce and it can be used.
The electricity produce by a wind mill is very small so it cannot be used in the large scale.To used in the large scale a farm of the wind mill  be established. When large wind mill farm is established and the small small current is connected and large scale of the electricity is produceThe wind farms are established where the continious wind is blow.In the developed countries where the wind is blow continiously a large farm of the wind mill are established to produce the electricity in the large scale.This farm is also helps the country to go ahead faster economically.
This cost no more money so the developed country are now attracted to it. This wind mill is smokeless and other pollution less so it is very benificial for the environment .The under developed countries can developed their economic value from this project.The countries who have not more water sources in  their country  it is the optional way to developed their country and economical situation .
In the context of the Nepal,
Nepal is rich in water sources but Nepal also can established this farm to produce the electricity.The wind mill does not cost more so Nepal is also poor country so that wind mill in the context of the Nepal is most essential way to produce the electricity.If Nepal produce the electricity from the water sources and the wind mill it can light the whole Asia.
Advantages of the wind mill.

•  It is smoke less .
• It is not so expensive so the countries which are poor they can use this.
• It can be established in the every country where the wind is blow continiously.

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About Biogas plant

The arrangement to produce the bio gas from the animals dung ,human excreta,industrial &domestic wastes is called the Bio gas plant.
The Bio gas plant is as shown in figure below.The bio gas plant consist of the underground tank T known as the digester.At the top of the the tank T a cylinder dome shaped roof is present which is used as the gas holder . The dome shaped roof of tank is also connected with the gas outlet S with a gas valve.On the left of the digester tank the inlet is present and on the right side of the digester a cylindrical outlet is present.The inlet is used to take in the slurry of the dung and the outlet is used to remove the slurry of the dung.

Bio gas plant

The outlet tank is also connected with the overflow tank.
Process
At first we mixed the dung and the water in the same proportion and then the obtained is called as the slurry.This slurry is then sent to the dome shaped tank i.e.Digester tank through the slopping tank .The digester tank is filled up to the cylindrical roof .Them it is left for about 50-60 days. In the tank the slurry is start to degrade in presence of the water but in absence of the air (the digester tank is air sealed) with the evolution of the bio gas. The bio gas  is start to collect in the dome shaped roof of the tank.As more and more the gas is collected the spent slurry is start to come from the outlet tank and to the overflow tank.Then gas is obtained in the dome and the gas is gets come out from the gas outlet.
In this process the gas is also obtained without any more cost and the compost is obtained with the full of Nitrogen and phosphorus which is very important to the agriculture.
Advantages:

• The gas is obtained without any more cost.
• The obtained compost is full of Nitrogen and Phosphorus which is very benificiel for the agriculture.
• This bio gas is free of the smoke which is benificial for the Enviroment.

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some questions for the 12 science student.........

• What is the chemical formula of the chloroform?

          a.CHCl3                   b.CCL4
       d.CH3CH2              c.C2H5

• If a body is moving with the initial velocity of 20m/s.Then that body is stop and move again with the velocity 10m/s and takes the time15 minutes then find the specific speed of that body?                                                                                                               

                    a.2                  b.3
                    c.4                   d.5

• what is the conduction band? 

                (no option )

• which is the charge of an electron in the following option?

                a.1.6*10^-19                   b.6.67*10^-11
               c.6.67*10^27                   d.2*10^2

• In the Millikan s oil drop experiment which type of the instrument is used ?

            a.double walled chamber                 b. a plastic tube
            c a. test tube and optical instrument   c.a beaker

• who invent the oxygen gas?

            a.J.pristle                         b.kevendise
            c.madam curie                 d Eienstein

• At first internet is used by...........

            a.army                          b.builder
           c.doctors                      d.engineer

• What is the value of the Loge ?

                      a. 1                               b.2
                      c.3                                d.4

• what is the pH value of the hard water ?

                   a.2                            b.3
                   c.7                            d.5

• define metro logy?

                   (no option)

• what is the number of the bonds in the alkyne &alkene?

                 a3&2                         b.3&$
                 c.5&3                         d.6&7

• What is the first law of thermodynamics?

                     (no option)

• Which option describe the first law of the electrolysis?

                 a.W=zIt                         b.W1/E1=W2/E2
                 c.W=F*D                      d.Z=E/F

• If the two radius curvature of the planoconvex lens R1&R2 and the refractive index is given then the focal length can be determined by..........

               a.F=(1/R1+1/.R2)(m-1)                          b. F=(1/R1+1/.R2)
              c.F= (1/R1+1/.R2)m                               d.   F=m*(R1+R2)

• what is the conduction band ?

             (no option)

• There are ................ number of the colors in the light of the sun?

                      a.7                                   b.4
                      c.3                                   d.5

• The planet Venus is also looks as the red planet it is due to the......

             a.acidic clouds in the atmosphere                 b.the Venus is so near  to the sun
             c.its color is red                                           d.none of the above

• The velocity of the sound is more in.................

               a.damp atmosphere                                    b.dry air
               c.crowd area                                              d.all of the above

• The reverberation is occurs in the room if the room's length is..................

                  a.15                                                           b.17
                  c.14                                                            d.all of the above

• The   dimenssion of the viscosity is .................

                          (no option)

• Moon is receding away from the earth every year .........cm.

                     a.3.2                                               b.45.5
                     c.5.4                                              d.none of the above

• Which light is used in the Millikan's oil drop experiment ?

                  a. simple light &X-ray                                    b.only simple light
                  c.all of the above                                            d.none of the above

• Steam engine is invented by .................

                   a.James watt                                             b.Richard Archright
                   c.all of the above                                       d.none of the above

• The drunk people are arrested during the driving by the use of the......

                  a.Breathlizer                           b.speedometer
                 c.none of the above                d.keetometer

• speedometer is also known as the.............

                 a.radar gun                                      b.speed gun
                c.all of the above                                d R-name
What is metallurgy?
(no option)
Hematite is the ore of ............. metal.
a.iron                             b.steel
c.silver                            c. none of the above

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20 Ways to study and make your study sharp

1. At first manage your time.
2. Take notes in class,read them at home and rewrite them.
3. Use abbreviation to study at home and class.
4. Ask question to the teacher& your fiend and know the answer from them and make comments.
5. copy your notes at your home to know more about that .
6. Don't take notes from the computer and do not copy from your friends note.
7. Firstly you study the hard subject and you should study in the quit place.
8. Read text carefully during study.
9. Hilight the text in the margin.
10. Keep the note book .
11. Read before and after the class and at your home.
12. Do  your homework everyday.
13. Don't be lazy.
14. Don't study for exam but you should study for your knowledge in future.
15. You should write the essays more and more to fine your English language.
16. Take exam yourself every day.
17. don't read when you feel bored and very nervous.
18. Do research on your every chapter.
19. chose topic carefully
20. Make your study routine.

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A small note on the Millikans Oil Drop Experiment,

Millikan's oil drop experiment is to determine the the specific charge of an electron.In this experiment Millikan used the double chambered instrument.In this experiment the instrument consist of the two window from one window light is passed to ionized the electron and from the next window X-ray is passe to ionize the electron if the electron is not ionized.this instrument also consist of the automiser and the clock oil bottle attached with the double walled chamber. in this experiment clock oil is used because in this experiment the liquid is used should have the high density and  not be volatile substance.in this experiment there are two plates A&B as shown in figure below.the plates A consist of a hole from which a drop of the liquid is falls from it by the help of the automizer and the plate B is connected to the electricity. similarly a small microscope is kept on it to see the every motion of the oil drop  in the double wall chamber. when the drop of the liquid is falls from the whole which is in the plate A is ionized by the lights and X-ray which are subjected in the chamber from the windows.  To find the the specific charge Millikan done this experiment on the basis of the following two condition,

millikan's oil drop experiment to determine the specific charge of an electron.

• The specific charge of an electron in the presence of the gravity only,

• The specific charge of an electron in the basis of electric field and gravity, 

1.  The specific charge of an electron on the basis of gravity only,

when the oil drop is falls under the gravitation field its velocity goes on increasing and the oil drop gets the terminal velocity Vt. Ten if F is the gravitational field,W be the weight of the oil drop,g be the gravity, r be the radius of the oil drop now mathematically it can be written as,
                                              F=

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Now a good news for those students who are appearing SLC board exam

Now no one student should be afraid to appearing in the slc board exam because now from this year our government of education put forward the new system in the education .In the past years the student were so nervous when they were appearing in SLC board exam because in our society the SLC board exam is taken as the iron gate and if you are not able to pass the SLC board exam you could not study the higher education.But now from this year the government of education put forward the new system in the SLC board.Now the government start the grading system in the education on the basis of their marks.If the student gets the 80-99% they get the A++grade,if the student gets the 70-80% they gets the A grading ,if the student gets the 60-70%the gets the grading B,if the student gets the 40-50% they gets the C grading ,and same as if mark is 30-40 they gets D grading .

So now the students who are appearing in the SLC board exam no one will fail but they get the grading on the basis of their grading.Therefore the student should do more hard work on it to get the best grading.
students always remember one thing more is the best grading more is best to do forward on your carrier.
                                               
                                                                   

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