Special note on the Refraction

The refraction is the scattering of the light .In our environment and in every where there is the function of the refraction,but we do not realize it and we don’t care about it . some facts of the refraction is explained below.

Optical path is distance travelled by light in air in these time it travels a distance of a medium of refractive index.(i.e. L=md ,where the m is the refractive index_)

Essential condition of the total internal refraction(TIR).

A light should be passing through from a denser medium to the rarer medium

Angle of incidence in denser medium should be greater than the critical angle for the given pair of media.

The application of the total internal refraction are given below:

The optical fibers are based on the total internal refraction.

Brilliance of the diamond is due to the TIR.

Mirage is due to the TIR.

The bubbles inside the water is seen as the silvery and bright due to the TIR.

The reflection of the prism is based on the TIR.

The sun rises two minutes before and sets two minute later to its actual time due to TIR.

4.Refractive index is maximum for violet and minimum for the red color.

5.critical angle is maximum for the red angle and minimum for the violet color.

6.wavelength of the violet is less than that of the wavelength of the red color.

7. If a plane glass slab is placed on a word with the different color then the violet color word is appear as the most raised and the red color word appear as the least raised.

8.Intensity ,wavelength ,and the amplitude are changed during the refraction.

9.Frequency,phase angle are not changed during the refracton.

10.consequences of the refraction:

The day becomes four minute longer due to the refraction.

Twinkling of the star is due to the refraction.

A tank of liquid or a pond appears shallow than its actual depth.

A rod dip in the liquid appears as bent.

Sun appears as the elliptical and the oval when it is in the horizontal it is due to the deviation of the light caused by the refraction

A diver inside the water looks at an object whose natural color but it is appear as the blue color.

The speed for the different color of the light is same.

The speed of light in the glass is the red color of the light .

If a person sees the green plant with the red glass ,the plant is appears as the black